Xtremehorticulture

Calamondin, or Calamansi, Tender to Winter Temperatures in Las Vegas

 Q. I received a young calamondin tree from a friend in memory of my father’s passing. I would love to nurture and grow this tree successfully. Any tips? Is it likely to bear fruit? How long should a small nursery stake remain? To start side branching and protecting its trunk from the intense desert sunlight, this tree should be pruned at about knee height. During the next three years, leave it alone. A. I am sorry for your loss. In the Philippines, where it is a native, it is called calamansi in Filipino or Tagalog. So therefore, it is subtropical, and it will not tolerate freezing temperatures, much below about 28F. If we get a cold winter, it can freeze. It does not like our desert, so it prefers locations on the north or east side of your home. And lastly, it likes amended soil so plant it either with compost mixed in the soil (one shovelful for each three of desert soil). It grows best in soils covered in wood chips. However, if your soil is covered in rock, then rake back the rock and apply about a quarter of an inch of compost and water it in. Do this every other year. Never plant in a dry hole. The soil in the planting hole is wet and filled with amended soil.  When staking fruit trees they don’t need a large tree stake unless they are huge. Use the stake that came in the container. After planting, push it deeper and tie the tree to the nursery stake with stretchable nursery tape. Remove after the tree is growing well, usually the next year.              When planting it, pound the stake into the solid ground beneath the planting hole so that it supports the tree. Then tie the tree tight to the stake with green nursery tape. Remove the planting stake and tape after one growing season. When it gets established but still young, form a small tree by pruning it at knee height. Remove any limbs that are growing along the trunk below this cut. Don’t expect this kind of crop on your tree. This is exceptional and can result from planting in the right climate, providing fertilizer and water when it needs it.  The fruit is about the size of a large marble or small golf ball and the juice and pulp is tart, like a lime. The tree should start bearing fruit when it is still small and young, perhaps the second year after it is planted. The production of fruit will become more as it gets bigger. It is harvested when the green color of the rind starts to turn from green to light green. Filipinos use it for flavoring fish (by squeezing a cut fruit seeds and all) and also as a beverage like a lime and many other things. 

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Leaves Yellowing on Calamondin Citrus Tree

Q. What causes leaves to yellow and black spots to develop on leaves of my calamondin citrus tree? I had them for seven years and they just now developed these yellow leaves with black spots. Nursery information desk advised picking off all affected leaves (but there are too, too many) then spray with cooper fungicide. A. Combined with leaf yellowing, it sounds like either a nutrient or watering problem or both, not a disease problem. Copper sprays like Bordeaux Sprays, are usually recommended for disease control but I don’t think that is it. This is photinia but you get the leaf yellow idea from this pisture. Try this:     1. Cover the soil with 1/4 inch of rich compost or compost plus some fertilizer high in nitrogen     2. Then cover the compost or compost/fertilizer with woodchips     3. Apply a citrus fertilizer in January     4. Try adding an iron fertilizer (I suggest an iron chelate called 133 or iron EDDHA) This is the most effective iron treatment (EDDHA chelate) but it is more expensive than other iron chelates. Apply it in the spring (February) or no later than early summer (April/May) for best results. If these citrus trees are in rock mulch, then it’s a nutrient and drainage problem. Auger four or five holes into the ground, 2 feet deep and 1 to 2 feet from the trunk, to improve drainage. Fill these holes with soil mixed 50/50 with compost and an iron fertilizer. Citrus fertilizers contain plant nutrients in higher concentrations than other plant nutrients particularly when these fertilizers are formulated for the desert Southwest like Arizona’s Best and Grow Well brands.              Mix iron chelate with the compost before using it to fill the augured holes. Water once a week through the augured holes, filling them with a hose. Also, try spraying the leaves with an iron chelate solution four or five times, a few days apart. If this is an iron problem, even though it’s caused by poor drainage, the leaves should begin to get darker in color. Put about four of these holes about 18 to 24 inches from the tree trunk  and 2 to 3 feet deep to improve drainage. If they are filled with gravel or woodchips they will stay open. They act as drainage sumps (French drains) around trees (vertical mulching). Nutrient problems can be caused by poor drainage. That’s why I’m giving a recommendation to improve the drainage using vertically augured holes and combining it with a compost and iron application at the same time.

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