Xtremehorticulture

Smelly Potting Soil in Oven Disputed

Q. Earlier in March you talked about fungus gnat problems in potting soils. You recommended baking the potting soil in the oven. But I’ve heard this stinks up the whole house! I might try it in a gas grill outside, but not inside. Potting soils are lightweight soil mixes that usually contain peat moss and perlite as part of the soil component to minimize weight and maximize porosity. A. I used to think the same thing about baking potting soil in the oven. The common response by gardeners is not to do it for that very reason; it stinks up everything! But we tested it recently and it worked just fine as long as the temperature of the oven was below 180F. I think the smell problem occurs when the temperature of the oven is set too high.             I prefer “solarizing” potting soil in sealed, clear plastic bags for a couple of days to kill fungus gnats. The temperature of the soil does not have to be as high as it does to kill everything in the soil, a.k.a soil sterilization. If the temperature of the potting soil reaches 140 – 150 F for 30 minutes, through and through, it’s enough to kill insects.             To sterilize potting soil, completely ridding it of all insects as well as harmful microorganisms, the temperature must reach 180° F for 30 minutes throughout the soil. Attaining this temperature by solarizing is doable if there is plenty of sunshine, the soil is moistened, placed in a clear plastic bag and left in the sun long enough.             To be on the safe side, I solarize the soil with one side facing the sun the first day. Then I turn the bag over and solarize the other side on the second day. I check the temperature with a temperature probe through the plastic bag to make sure the temperature was high enough.             I would not recommend putting potting soil in a gas grill and firing the temperature up high. Low temperatures in gas grills are harder to control. Excessively high temperatures will “burn up” the organics in the potting soil. That’s when it gets stinky.             This cool, overcast spring presented some real problems. Cool temperatures and overcast skies did not allow solarization to reach the temperatures needed inside the bag. I enlisted the aid of a brave volunteer with an oven that had accurate temperature controls. She placed a half bag of potting soil on cookie sheets and into a domestic oven.             The lowest thermostat setting for the oven was 160° F. The temperature inside the oven stayed around this temperature for 30 minutes and the soil allowed to cool inside of it. Voilà. No fungus gnats and no off smell.

Smelly Potting Soil in Oven Disputed Read More »

Fungus Gnats Can Be Controlled With Special Bt Formulation

Q. I recently transplanted two house plants and now  have gnats coming out of the soil and infecting my entire house.  Is there any way to kill these little buggers or do I have to get rid of all the dirt and start over? A. Fungus gnats can be a serious problem with houseplants as they can feed on plant roots as well as the decomposing organic matter left in potting soils. The life cycle of fungus gnats (egg, larva, pupation and adult) are fairly short, perhaps two to three weeks. The destructive stage is the larva or worm stage. The pesky stage is the adult which can fly and be bothersome. These stages are overlapping so they will not all be flying at once but some will be in the egg stage, some in the larva stage, some pupating and some flying. You can attract the larva living and feeding in the soil to decaying vegetable pieces like small pieces of potato. You can lay pieces about the size of a French Fry on the soil surface and these larva will start feeding on them. You can collect these pieces and dispose of them and it will help get rid of a few of the buggers. Let me point you in the direction of an organic product that may work for you. This is supposed to be available at hardware stores and home improvement stores. It was originally labeled for controlling mosquitos but is now approved for fungus gnats. This is an “organic” product made from Bt (a bacterium) with a homeowner trade name of “Mosquito Bits”. There have been a few other homeowner products made from this Bt for indoor plants in the past but they have disappeared from many marketplaces I assume because the homeowner didn’t know about them and how to use them. Mosquito Bits is a formulation of a special Bt for controlling fungus gnats. A word of explanation. As I said, this is a Bt product. I have mentioned Bt in the past but this one is a DIFFERENT form of Bt so it will not work to use the Dipel or Thuricide product that you would use for grape leaf skeletonizer, tobacco hornworm, tomato fruitworm and other garden pests. This form of Bt is rather unique to certain types of insects such as mosquitos and fungus gnats. The commercial formulation of this product is called Gnatrol. Apply this product according to the label directions. Below I have pasted a document that explains the different types of Bt and how they might be used.

Fungus Gnats Can Be Controlled With Special Bt Formulation Read More »