Xtremehorticulture

Get Ready for the Leaffooted Plant Bug Invasion

Q. What is the best attack for these pesty, scarey looking creatures.  We had them last year.  Haven’t seen them yet this season.  Is there something to keep them away? A. This first part I am explaining will be a bit late for you now but prevention should start during the winter months when they can be seen in the landscape as overwintering adults ready to lay eggs in the spring. I have seen adults on bottlebrush in home landscapes in southern Nevada and I am sure they are probably overwintering on a number of evergreen plants in winter months. Since these insects can fly  as adults they will move from plant to plant for sources of food.  This means that they will come into your yard from neighbors as well all during the growing season. So just because you control them once during the season you will have them again as long as there is food in your yard for them to eat. What do we know about leaffooted plant bug? They like to feed on pomegranates, almonds, pistachios, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, squash, corn, peach, nectarine and I am sure some others. They are closely related to stinkbugs and squash bugs, feed and reproduce like them and can be confused with them because they look kind of similar. They overwinter from year to year in the landscapes. It takes about 50 or 60 days to produce adults from eggs laid in the spring. They feed with a long hypodermic needle-like mouth that is inserted into soft plant tissue like leaves and fruit. Their feeding early when fruit is developing can cause threads of sap to stick out of the fruit. Their feeding causes misshapen fruit or causes fruits or nuts to drop off of the tree. Their feeding can also cause diseases to enter the fruit. How to Control Them They are difficult to control because they hide unless they are swarming and reproducing near the fruit. Take Down pyrethrin based garden spray Hard or conventional pesticides such as Sevin or synthetic pyrethrins are the most effective for rapid kill. These can be found as ingredients in some common vegetable or fruit sprays in nurseries or garden centers. These same ingredients are used commercially where leaffooted plant bug is active. These types of chemicals leave behind a residual on plants that offer some protection for a number of days after they are applied. They also present some safety concerns for homeowners when used without caution in home landscapes so make sure you read the label thoroughly if you choose to go this route. Organic control is more difficult because these chemicals are short-lived and don’t leave behind much of a residual. You will not control this pest without more work on your part when using organic methods. That is the tradeoff when using organic methods. With conventional pesticides like Sevin a few passes during fruit set and development will give you some good control. Organic methods may require more inspection of the tree and fruit on your part and spraying more frequently. Soap sprays like Safers insecticidal soap will give good control if the spray lands on the insects. It leaves no residual once sprayed. Oils like Neem have been reported to give good control. Other oils include horticultural oils and canola oil. Organic sprays like Bt will not work on this insect. Spinosad has not been reported to work on this insect either. Another possibility is pyrethrin sprays which may give you good knockdown when sprayed on them directly.   A common mistake is to think that just because they organic sprays they will not hurt anything except the enemy insect. This is not true. Organic sprays will kill many different insects, good and bad. So directing the sprays at the enemy insects is important. It is also important to spray very early in the morning or near sundown. Spray when there is no wind and cover both the upper and lower sides of the leaves. Do not use one spray over and over. Use several sprays in rotation with each other so you do not end up with an explosion in the population of insects not controlled or building up insect immunity to the spray.

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Expect Those Ugly Bugs on Pomegranate and Pistachios Now!

Q. We have a big pomegranate tree that has been doing great for a few years.  Last year we had an infestation of nasty, prehistoric looking large grey bugs on our pomegranate tree. What can I do to get rid of them? These bugs had really big thighs, and smaller red ones that look like a cross between a carpenter ant and a mosquito.  This year I noticed the eggs on many branches and cut them off.  I am sure that I missed many and am wondering what I can do to get rid of them.  We  have been keeping it organic up until this point and would love to continue that since we eat as much of the fruit as possible.  Any advice you have would be greatly appreciated.  Thanks so much!!  Leaffooted plant bug on pomegrante with all the younger generations (nymphs). A. You do not need to cut those branches off. You can just rub them off with a cloth and alcohol or pull leaves off if they are the undersides. This insect is called the leaffooted plant bug, a close relative to stinkbugs, squash bug and several others that are pests in home landscapes and gardens. They get their name from the leaf-like appendage on their rear legs. Picture of adult from Auburn University. They spend the winter hiding out in landscape trees until Spring. In the Spring these bugs multiply very rapidly and feed on new soft, succulent growth from leaves and expanding fruit and nuts. This insect seems to prefer fruit trees such as pomegranate, almonds and pistachios but can be found on other plants as well. They are winged so the adults can fly from plant to plant, tree to tree or landscape to landscape. Their damage to plants includes leaf damage, leaf drop, fruit damage, fruit drop and nut drop in almond and pistachio. Control of these insects is difficult and will require quite a bit of work on your part. Organic sprays would include soap sprays such as Safers, oils such as Neem and pyrethrin sprays. Organic sprays are usually not as potent as conventional commercial insecticides so must be used more often and requires closer monitoring of the plants for buildups in their populations. Spraying multiple times through the growing season will be required because of their abilities to build their populations so quickly and their ability for flight. http://xtremehorticulture.blogspot.com/2013/06/pomegranate-fruit-failure-may-be-due-to.html http://xtremehorticulture.blogspot.com/2012/03/almond-nut-drop-and-when-to-spray.html

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