Xtremehorticulture

Elm Leaf Beetle on Siberian Elm, not a Chinese Elm

Q. Looks like elm leaf beetle or leaf miner damage in the picture I sent. What to do? Let the tree flush a new set of leaves after the larval feeding frenzy? These are trees cared for by volunteers and found in Spring Mountain Park near Blue Diamond. I would rather have the volunteers not use any systemics. Any thoughts? This is elm leaf beetle damage to Siberian elm. To my knowledge the elm leaf beetle only attacks Siberian elm. Siberian elm is different from Chinese elm. A. That’s elm leaf beetle (ELB) damage on Siberian elm leaves. We used to see a lot of it when there were more Siberian elms in our community. If you can catch them in the larval stage, they are easy to control by spraying the leaves with any type of insecticide. Any insecticide works including soap and water and salt sprays. You just need to kill them. That’s elm leaf beetle damage taken from a slide over fifty years ago in Colorado.             The problem is the act of spraying which means specialized equipment because the trees can grow 40+ feet tall. Soap and water sprays kill on contact. They don’t have any residual, so you must spray the leaves until the level of control you want is achieved. Otherwise, you must use a systemic insecticide as a soil drench or have it absorbed through the tree trunk. Larvae of elm leaf beetle adults (don’t confuse them with adult cucumber beetles) taken from a slide over fifty years ago. They are ephemeral, meaning they last only a few weeks and they are gone. This is a nearly mature form of Chinese elm, maybe evergreen elm. Notice how tall Chinese elm can grow. Don’t confuse them with Siberian elm which is a trash tree.             I just ignore them and tell people not to plant Siberian elm when I see it. Recovery of this tree from single feeding by ELB is not a problem. I have only seen ELB eat the surface of Siberian elm leaves, not any of Chinese elm types including lacebark elm. Plus, ELB has only one generation each year while other insects, like the great leaf skeletonizer, is more destructive and mates multiple times each year.             I consider Siberian elm a “trash” tree and ranks about 2 out of 10 in desirability. Chinese elm, on the other hand, is a much better tree and I would give it an 8 or 9 out of ten. By the way, Siberian elm is no longer sold as a landscape tree. No great loss. Siberian elm removed with a telehandler…aka forklift… at Aherns

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Branches Dying in Elm Probably Not Dutch Elm Disease

Elm leaf beetle damage Q. I have about 10 elm trees and my neighbor has 4 or 5. The branches seem like they just die. This pass year I lost 2 complete trees. I have been told there is a elm airborn disease. Can you please tell if that is true and what can I do about it? A. There is no airborne disease of elms that you have to worry about. I think there is some confusion about Dutch Elm Disease and these trees. Siberian elms are not as susceptible to DED as some other elms which are not planted here anyway.             Most of the elms here are Siberian elms, an inferior elm for landscape purposes. By the way, one of my favorite large trees is Chinese or Evergreen elm, a very nice tree that grows well in our climate with very few problems.              The usual disease problem we see on Siberian elm is a relatively harmless disease called slime flux. This is a bacterial disease which invades the wood and causes basically fermentation inside the trunk and large limbs. ooze from the bacteria is pushed out of the trunk or limbs and weeps down the side of the tree frequently from a pruning cut. If you get close to this ooze it will smell like fermentation or yeasty. Wetwood or slime flux comig from pruning cut             This smell frequently attracts flies to the ooze. It is thought that the flies can pick up this bacterial contamination and spread it to new wounds on several trees besides Siberian elm. If we see this particular disease on the tree we usually ignore it since it really does not cause any long term ill effects.             As far as insects go the worst problem is elm leaf beetle which skeletonizes the leaf. We usually ignore this too since it usually does not cause severe damage to the tree but does cause the leaves to become unsightly. These trees are tall/large with the leaves very high in the air so damage to them is usually ignored. It would be very costly to spray these trees to control this problem.             The last problem we have had with Siberian elm is when older landscapes with these elms growing in lawns is converted to rock landscapes. Frequently there is not enough water applied for these trees to continue to be healthy and the branches die back due to lack of water and a poorly designed irrigation system for the elm to survive.

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