Xtremehorticulture

Tropical Plants for the Mojave Desert

Q. Besides freezer damage, what other differences do tropical plants have from non-tropical plants? Our farm in the Philippines and champeduk, a tropical fruit similar to durian and jackfruit. A. Tropical plants freeze sooner, which just means they start getting injured at temperatures below 55F. Tropical plants and fruit experience damage starting much higher temperatures than temperate plants (plants that can tolerate freezing temperatures). Temperate plants experience freezing injury starting at 32F. Damage to bananas (soft and brown) occur at higher temperatures; a few hours after putting them in the refrigerator (39F). Not even a freezer! Even tomato fruit are damaged when put into a refrigerator. Most tropical plants and their fruit are damaged at storage temperatures higher than temperate plants (apples, peaches, strawberries, pomegranate, ash, poplar, mulberry). A banana, locally produced in Las Vegas.             Much of this type of damage occurs because plants don’t have “legs”. Plants, more than animals (which can move from place to place because of “legs”) are more sensitive to changes in their environment. They can’t move! Plant damage due to freezing is the most obvious. But other environmental changes are also important such as the strength of sunlight, wind, water availability and quality, air, and soil changes. Plants don’t like it. They are damaged or dead. Animals don’t like it. They move. Coconut palms near our farm in the Philippines. We have several coconut palms at our farm including a “dwarf” form.             The better we can provide for these damaging environments (garage protection from cold, west side vs east side of buildings due to light intensity, protection from wind, change in humidity, irrigation and drainage), then the plants are better off. Citrus freeze protection in Las Vegas.

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Citrus in Las Vegas Nevada

              I was accused of not wanting citrus in our area. That isn’t true. Nothing wrong with growing citrus here. But I want you to be aware of its problems when citrus is grown here and adjust your expectations accordingly. This is the Mojave Desert. Las Vegas and the high or middle deserts can have cold winters, unexpected early spring frosts and winds. It can survive cold temperatures ranging from the mid to low 20’s all the way to no freeze at all depending on the type of citrus. Sour orange rootstock grows from the base of this orange tree because the top died when it froze leaving the rootstock to grow and produce fruit that has dropped on the ground.             Early spring light frosts can be a problem for all fruit trees including citrus. All it takes is a few minutes of freezing temperatures just before sunrise. If flowers are open or close to opening, part or all your fruit is dead. The fruit or flowers drop from the trees a week or two later even though bees were plentiful. Many citrus are subtropical Citrus originates from different parts of Asia. This means they prefer growing in soils that have some organics in them. Desert soils don’t have any or very little. When soils are covered in rock, the soil organics are fine right after planting and these organics can last last several years. After several years, the soil “organics” used at planting time are depleted and must be replenished. This can be done by raking the rocks back, applying fine wood chips to the soil, and raking the rock back or applying these same amendments over large rock and watering it in. Citrus can yellow and eventually dieback if the soil is not improved when it grows in rock. Citrus can also yellow when grown with woodchips if the woodchips are not thick enough or if planted and watered incorrectly. Most yellow leaves can be turned green again if an iron chelate (I would recommend iron eddha for the chelated iron) is applied to the soil in early spring.             When purchasing citrus be aware that these are fruit trees that are “iffy” when grown here. Sometimes they work and sometimes they don’t. Adjust your expectations accordingly.

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Bamboo Damaged Just After Winter

Q. Do you have any advice on what I can do to green up these bamboo planted in rock mulch? Give them iron perhaps? Bamboo from reader just after winter cold. A. I hesitated a bit because I was not sure which bamboo this was so I am guessing it is golden bamboo, a runner. The new leaves will come in this spring and cover most of the damaged ones. Otherwise you are left to removing the leaves by hand if it is unsightly. Come back? Fertilizer and water. An option is to cut them back and let them regrow with new shoots. The running bamboo grows from rhizomes or runners underground. Clumping bamboo grow like an iris and the clump just keeps getting larger. These can handle pruning but I would not top them. I would selectively cut out stems at the ground level where you don’t want them. Hope this helps.

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