Xtremehorticulture

Protect Citrus From Freezing Temperatures Soon

Q. When should I begin to protect plants like citrus from the freezing weather that’s coming? A. Some citrus will handle the cold weather better than others. Most of the citrus sold in this area are grafted to a cold hardy root system called a rootstock. Damage or even death results when the temperatures remain low enough to kill the top of the tree, its root system or both. This citrus died from winter freezing temperatures several years ago and the sour orange rootstock grew in its place producing oranges that were too sour to eat.             The more cold hardy and reliable citrus here are kumquat, grapefruit and Myers lemon. However, they will not survive the cold if the roots which they are grafted to are not cold tolerant as well. Most plants sold by nurseries in this area have citrus on cold hardy rootstock. This might not be the case if you buy citrus online. Spring freezing weather caused this fig to die back and push new growth from lateral buds along the stem.             None of the citrus are severely damaged if temperatures remain above 32° F. The least cold tolerant of the citrus, such as limes, is damaged when temperatures drop below freezing. When temperatures are low enough to damage the top of the tree but not the rootstock, suckers or water sprouts grow from the rootstock the following spring while the top of the tree may be dead or severely damaged. Freeze damage to bougainvillea             As we start getting close to 32F, start watching the local weather reports or track the low temperatures online. When you see projected temperatures reaching 32° F or lower, wrap the base of the tree with a blanket or cover this area with mulch. Smaller trees or trees pruned into an espalier may be entirely covered with a blanket.             Some people wrap tender trees with Christmas lights on a timer that comes on at night. This may work if temperatures are not extremely low and there is no wind. Blankets should be removed the next day when temperatures climb above freezing.

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Hope Freezing Temperatures are Over. Plan That They are Not.

This has not been unusual weather. It’s the norm. But watch out! About eight or nine years out of ten we get a warming trend in mid-January followed by returning cold weather. Sometimes it is devastating.             February can be dangerous for plants. December 1990 was one of the coldest months on record but February 1989 was much more damaging to plants.              In December plants are in their deepest sleep, well-prepared for winter lows. But on February 5, 1989, unrecorded temperatures as low as 2F in the Northwest part of the valley came on the heals of 70+F temperatures in mid-January. The temperatures that week in February were low enough to kill bermudagrass, roots and all, at the Painted Desert Golf Course in the Northwest part of the valley.             Be diligent around your garden. Protect tender plants. We can be 95% assured that freezing temperatures will not occur after mid-March.

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Protecting Palms From Winter Freezing

Freeze damage to “pineapple palm” Q. Last winter we had a cold spell that turned the fronds on most of my Canary Palms brown and one of them is still recovering and hasn’t reached its full width as of yet. My question… How can I protect them from the cold that is coming in the next week and probably the rest of the winter? I’ve seen a few neighbors have wrapped the base of theirs where the fronds meet the trunk with burlap. Will this help? Any suggestions you can give me would be greatly appreciated as these are my favorites in our yard (we’re from the Midwest originally so owning Palm trees is a kick) Freeze damage to fan palm A. There really is no magic way to do it. Many palm tree generate their new growth in the coming and future years from the terminal buds located at the tips of the trunks. Some will generate new trunks from the base of the trunk but not Canary Island palm which may also be called the pineapple palm due to its shape, often accentuated into the pineapple form by gardeners. It is usually good to about 10F for short periods of time. If cold kills the terminal bud the tree will eventually die because it cannot continue its growth without that terminal bud. Damage can also occur to the trunk from freezing temperatures so wrapping the trunk or wrapping some lights around the trunk might help. Remember that cold damage is measured in how low the temperature gets combined with the amount of time it stays at these temperatures plus any wind that might be present and the time of year. Extreme cold is more damaging in late fall and early spring than mid-winter. Winter damage to palms may not show up right after the cold temperatures. In some cases the extent of the damage my linger for years. I hope this helps.

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